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TAPWater & Science Standards
Each activity in the TAPWater curriculum supplement
has been reviewed by educators who aided the PA Department of Education
with the draft forms of the state’s Academic Standards for Environment
& Ecology and Science & Technolgy. Each activity in this
manual contains a list of those standards that are met by performing
the activity or conducting the experiment. The following standards
are covered, either completely or partially, in this manual: (which
can be used directly from this web page or can be downloaded in
sections in printable format from the appropriate links)
Science & Technology
Section 3.1 Unifying Themes - Download
Here
3.1.4 Grade 4
A. Know that natural and human-made objects are
made up of parts.
- Identify and describe what parts make up a system.
- Describe the purpose of analyzing systems.
B. Know models as useful simplifications of objects
or processes.
- Identify different types of models.
- Identify and apply models as tools for prediction
and insight.
- Apply appropriate simple modeling tools and techniques.
- Identify theories that serve as models (e.g.
molecules).
E. Recognize change in natural and physical systems.
- Recognize change as fundamental to science and
technology concepts.
- Examine and explain change by using time and
measurement.
- Describe relative motion.
- Describe the change to objects caused by heat,
cold, light or chemicals.
3.1.7 Grade 7
A. Explain the parts of a simple system and their
relationship to each other.
- Describe a system as a group of related parts
that work together to achieve a desired result (e.g., digestive
system).
- Explain the importance of order in a system.
- Distinguish between system inputs, system processes
and system outputs.
- Distinguish between open loop and closed loop
systems.
- Apply system analysis to solve problems.
B. Describe the use of models as an application
of scientific or technological concepts.
- Identify and describe different types of models
and their functions.
- Apply models to predict specific results and
observations (e.g., population growth, effects of infectious organisms).
- Explain systems by outlining a system’s relevant
parts and its purpose and/or designing a model that illustrates
its function.
C. Identify patterns as repeated processes or recurring
elements in science and technology.
- Identify different forms of patterns and use
them to group and classify specific objects.
- Identify repeating structure patterns.
- Identify and describe patterns that occur in
physical systems (e.g., construction, manufacturing, transportation),
informational systems and biochemical-related systems.
Section 3.2 Inquiry and Design - Download
Here
3.2.4 Grade 4
A. Identify and use the nature of scientific and
technological knowledge.
- Distinguish between a scientific fact and a belief.
- Provide clear explanations that account for observations
and results.
- Relate how new information can change existing
perceptions.
B. Describe objects in the world using the five
senses.
- Recognize observational descriptors from each
of the five senses (e.g., see-blue, feel-rough).
- Use observations to develop a descriptive vocabulary.
C. Recognize and use the elements of scientific
inquiry to solve problems.
- Generate questions about objects, organisms and/or
events that can be answered through scientific investigations.
- Design an investigation.
- Conduct an experiment.
- State a conclusion that is consistent with the
information.
3.2.7 Grade 7
B. Apply process knowledge to make and interpret
observations.
- Measure materials using a variety of scales.
- Describe relationships by making inferences and
predictions.
- Communicate, use space/time relationships, define
operationally, raise questions, formulate hypotheses, test and
experiment.
- Design controlled experiments, recognize variables,
manipulate variables.
- Interpret data, formulate models, design models,
and produce solutions.
C. Identify and use the elements of scientific inquiry
to solve problems.
- Generate questions about objects, organisms and/or
events that can be answered through scientific investigations.
- Evaluate the appropriateness of questions.
- Design an investigation with limited variables
to investigate a question.
- Conduct a two-part experiment.
- Judge the significance of experimental information
in answering the question.
- Communicate appropriate conclusions from the
experiment.
Section 3.3 Biological Sciences - Download
Here
3.3.4 Grade 4
A. Know the similarities and differences of living
things.
- Identify life processes of living things (e.g.,
growth, digestion, react to environment).
- Know that some organisms have similar external
characteristics (e.g., anatomical characteristics; appendages,
type of covering, body segments) and that similarities and differences
are related to environmental habitat.
- Describe basic needs of plants and animals.
B. Know that living things are made up of parts
that have specific functions.
- Identify examples of unicellular and multi-cellular
organisms.
- Determine how different parts of a living thing
work together to make the organism function.
3.3.7 Grade 7
A. Describe the similarities and
differences that characterize diverse living things.
- Describe how the structure of living things help
them function in unique ways.
- Account for adaptations among organisms that
live in a particular environment.
Section 3.4 Physical Science, Chemistry & Physics - Download
Here
3.4.4 Grade 4
A. Recognize basic concepts about the structure
and properties of matter.
- Describe properties of matter (e.g., hardness,
reactions to simple chemical tests).
- Know that combining two or more substances can
make new materials with different properties.
- Know different material characteristics (e.g.,
texture, state of matter, solubility).
C. Observe and describe different types of force
and motion.
- Recognize forces that attract or repel other
objects and demonstrate them.
- Describe various types of motions.
- Compare the relative movement of objects and
describe types of motion that are evident.
- Describe the position of an object by locating
it relative to another object or the background (e.g., geographic
direction, left, up).
3.4.7 Grade 7
A. Describe concepts about the structure and properties
of matter.
- Identify elements as basic building blocks of
matter that cannot be broken down chemically.
- Distinguish compounds from mixtures.
- Describe and conduct experiments that identify
chemical and physical properties.
- Describe reactants and products of simple chemical
reactions.
Section 3.5 Earth Sciences - Download
Here
3.5.4 Grade 4
A. Know basic landforms and Earth history
- Describe Earth processes (rusting, weathering, erosion) that
have affected selected physical features in students’ neighborhoods.
- Identify various earth structures (e.g., mountains, faults,
drainage basins) through the use of models.
- Identify the composition of soil as weathered rock and decomposed
organic remains.
C. Know basic weather elements.
- Identify weather patterns from data charts (including temperature,
wind direction and speed, precipitation) and graphs of the data.
- Explain how different seasons effect plants, animals, food availability
and daily human life.
D. Recognize the Earth’s different water resources.
- Know that approximately three-fourths of the Earth is covered
by water.
- Identify and describe types of fresh and salt water bodies.
- Identify examples of water in the form of solid, liquid and
gas on or near the surface of the Earth.
- Explain and illustrate evaporation and condensation.
- Recognize other resources available from water (e.g., energy,
transportation, minerals, food).
3.5.7 Grade 7
A. Describe Earth features and processes.
- Describe the processes involved in the creation of geologic
features (e.g., folding, faulting, volcanism, sedimentation) and
that these processes seen today (e.g. erosion, weathering crustal
plate movement) are similar to those in the past.
- Describe the processes that formed Pennsylvania geologic structures
and resources including mountains, glacial formations, water gaps
and ridges.
- Distinguish between examples of rapid surface changes (e.g.,
landslides, earthquakes) and slow surface changes (e.g., weathering).
B. Recognize Earth resources and how they affect everyday life.
- Identify and locate significant Earth resources (e.g., water,
rock types, oil gas, coal deposits) in Pennsylvania.
- Explain the value and uses of different Earth resources (e.g.,
selected minerals, ores, fuel sources, agricultural uses).
- Compare the locations of human settlements as related to available
resources.
C. Describe basic elements of meteorology.
- Explain and illustrate the processes of cloud formation and
precipitation.
D. Explain the behavior and impact of the Earth’s water systems.
- Explain the water cycle using the processes of evaporation and
condensation.
- Describe factors that affect evaporation and condensation.
- Compare the effect of water type (e.g., polluted, fresh, salt
water) and the life contained in them.
- Identify ocean and shoreline features (e.g., bays, inlets, spit,
tidal marshes).
3.5.10 Grade 10
D. Assess the value of water as a resource.
- Compare water sources of potable water (e.g.
wells, public systems, rivers) used by people in Pennsylvania.
- Identify the components of a municipal/agricultural
water supply system and a wastewater treatment system.
- Relate aquatic life to water conditions (e.g.,
turbidity, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen levels,
pressure).
- Assess the natural and man-made factors that
affect the availability of clean water (e.g., rock and mineral
deposits, man-made pollution).
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